AKA: Marijuana, Weed, Green, Herb, Loud, Chronic, Ganja, Fire, Dank
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III. Chemical Profile ( IUPAC name)
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V. Legal Information
The legality of marijuana in the United States has evolved significantly. Initially legal for medicinal use in the 19th century, it was criminalized with the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937, driven by social and racial biases. The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 further entrenched its illegality, classifying it as a Schedule I drug. However, attitudes shifted in the late 20th century, leading to state-level legalization for medical use starting in the 1990s. Today, despite ongoing federal prohibition, many states have legalized marijuana for medical and recreational purposes, reflecting changing cultural attitudes and scientific understanding.
US Federal Schedule - I
Schedule I drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined as drugs with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. Some examples of Schedule I drugs are: heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana (cannabis), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy), methaqualone, and peyote.
Key US Federal Policies:
Controlled Substances Act. Public Law: Public Law 91-513 (text can be found on GovInfo) (https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/csa). Date enacted: October 27, 1970.
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VI. Physical Effects
Physiologically, cannabis affects the body through its interaction with the endocannabinoid system. It often causes increased heart rate, bloodshot eyes, dry mouth, and appetite stimulation (commonly known as the 'munchies'). Short-term effects also include impaired motor coordination and reaction time, which can affect tasks requiring precision.
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VII. Psychological Effects
Cannabis can induce a range of psychological effects depending on factors like strain and dosage. Users commonly experience relaxation, euphoria, and altered perception of time and senses. It may enhance creativity and introspection while reducing anxiety or stress in some individuals. However, higher doses or sensitive individuals may experience paranoia, anxiety, or short-term memory impairment.
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VIII. Culture
Cannabis has a rich historical and cultural lore, with references dating back thousands of years. In ancient Hindu texts, cannabis is associated with the god Shiva, who is said to have discovered its intoxicating properties and is often depicted with a cannabis leaf or smoking a pipe of cannabis. In Indian culture, cannabis, known as 'bhang,' is used in religious ceremonies and festivals like Holi and Mahashivratri. In ancient China, cannabis was valued for its medicinal properties and is believed to have been used as early as 4000 BCE. It was also mentioned in the Taoist text 'Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing' as a treatment for various ailments. Throughout history, cannabis has been revered in various forms and contexts, from spiritual rituals to medicinal practices, across cultures such as ancient Egypt, Greece, and the Middle East. These historical associations highlight cannabis's multifaceted role as a sacred plant, a source of medicine, and a symbol of cultural and spiritual significance worldwide.
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