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III. Chemical Profile ( IUPAC name)
Not available
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V. Legal Information
US Federal Schedule - II
Schedule II drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined as drugs with a high potential for abuse, with use potentially leading to severe psychological or physical dependence. These drugs are also considered dangerous. Some examples of Schedule II drugs are: combination products with less than 15 milligrams of hydrocodone per dosage unit (Vicodin), cocaine, methamphetamine, methadone, hydromorphone (Dilaudid), meperidine (Demerol), oxycodone (OxyContin), fentanyl, Dexedrine, Adderall, and Ritalin.
Key US Federal Policies:
Controlled Substances Act. Public Law: Public Law 91-513 (text can be found on GovInfo) (https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/csa). Date enacted: October 27, 1970.
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VI. Physical Effects
Opium's initial physical embrace can be seductive. It eases pain, slows your breathing and heart rate, leading to a relaxed and euphoric state. However, this blissful phase fades quickly. Constipation, nausea, and drowsiness become unwelcome companions. Repeated use creates tolerance, meaning you need more and more opium to achieve the same effects. Your body's natural pain response and temperature regulation become disrupted, making you increasingly dependent on the drug to feel 'normal.' Overdose is a constant threat, causing slowed breathing that can lead to coma and death.
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VII. Psychological Effects
Opium's psychological hold is as strong as its physical grip. It hijacks your reward system, making you crave the drug for even a fleeting sense of pleasure. Anxiety and depression intensify as you neglect responsibilities and isolate yourself. Fear of withdrawal, with symptoms like chills, insomnia, and muscle cramps, becomes a constant companion. Opium warps your perception, making it difficult to trust yourself or others. The cycle of intense highs followed by crippling lows traps you in a desperate search for the next fix.
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VIII. Culture
The poppy's history transcends its association with the modern drug heroin. For millennia, the poppy plant has held a complex and multifaceted place in human culture. Ancient civilizations like those of Greece and Rome recognized its psychoactive properties, with figures like Pliny the Elder documenting its effects. However, the poppy's story goes beyond mere observation. In China, the forced trade of opium by Western powers during the 19th century's Opium Wars exemplifies the devastating social and economic consequences that poppy-derived substances can have. Even in the realm of literature, the famed English poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge grappled with opium addiction, leaving an imprint on his works like 'Kubla Khan.' The poppy's journey through history serves as a reminder of both its potential benefits and the dangers associated with its misuse.
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