Name: Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid
AKA: ['GHB', 'gamma hydroxybutyrate', 'sodium oxybate']
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II. Natural Derivative
Synthetic substance, no natural derivative
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III. Chemical Profile ( IUPAC name)
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IV. History
Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) was originally synthesized in the 1960s as a potential anesthetic. It gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s as a recreational drug due to its sedative and euphoric effects. It was later classified as a Schedule I controlled substance due to its abuse potential and lack of recognized medical use.
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V. Legal Information
Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) is illegal in most countries, including the United States, where it is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance. Possession, distribution, and manufacture are strictly regulated and penalized.
US Federal Schedule - I
Schedule I drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined as drugs with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. Some examples of Schedule I drugs are: heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana (cannabis), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy), methaqualone, and peyote.
Key US Federal Policies:
Controlled Substances Act. Public Law: Public Law 91-513 (text can be found on GovInfo) (https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/csa). Date enacted: October 27, 1970.
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VI. Physical Effects
GHB acts as a central nervous system depressant by affecting GABA receptors. It induces sedation, muscle relaxation, and can lead to unconsciousness at higher doses. Physiological effects include slowed heart rate and breathing.
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VII. Psychological Effects
Psychologically, GHB can cause euphoria, reduced inhibitions, and feelings of relaxation. However, it can also lead to confusion, dizziness, and memory loss, particularly in higher doses.
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