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Name: 5F–APINACA, 5F–AKB48 (N-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide)
Type: Synthetic cannabinoid
AKA: 5F-APINACA, 5F-AKB48
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II. Natural Derivative
Synthetic substance, no natural derivative
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III. Chemical Profile (IUPAC name)
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IV. History
5F-APINACA and 5F-AKB48, synthetic cannabinoids, were developed in the early 2010s. These compounds are known for their potent psychoactive effects and are part of a broader trend in synthetic cannabinoid research, leading to health risks and regulatory responses.
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V. Legal Information
5F-AKB48, a synthetic cannabinoid, is classified as a Schedule I substance in the US, making it illegal. Internationally, many countries have banned it due to health concerns and its association with synthetic marijuana products. The UNODC has highlighted its risks, prompting global regulatory actions. There is a trend towards harsher penalties and stricter controls to curb its misuse and associated health risks.
US Federal Schedule - I
Schedule I drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined as drugs with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. Some examples of Schedule I drugs are: heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana (cannabis), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy), methaqualone, and peyote.
Key US Federal Policies:
Controlled Substances Act. Public Law: Public Law 91-513 (text can be found on GovInfo) (https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/csa). Date enacted: October 27, 1970.
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VI. Physical Effects
5F-APINACA and 5F-AKB48 are synthetic cannabinoids with potent psychoactive effects. They act as uppers, producing altered perception and euphoria. Short-term use can lead to intense psychological effects, while long-term effects are not well documented. Overdose risks include severe psychological distress and potential toxicity. Safe use is uncertain due to limited research. Recent studies focus on their effects and associated health risks.  |
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VII. Psychological Effects
5F-APINACA, a synthetic cannabinoid, affects CB1 and CB2 receptors, leading to euphoria, altered perception, and relaxation. Immediate effects include mood elevation and sensory distortions, lasting several hours. Long-term use may result in severe psychological effects, including paranoia and cognitive impairments. Research emphasizes its potency and the risks of dependence and mental health issues with chronic use.
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VIII. Culture
5F-APINACA and 5F-AKB48 are synthetic cannabinoids with psychoactive effects. Their cultural significance is related to their use in recreational settings and their potential for abuse. Media coverage often focuses on the risks of synthetic cannabinoids, including potential for overdose and addiction. These substances are used recreationally rather than medicinally and contribute to discussions about synthetic cannabinoids and drug regulation.
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