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Name: Cannabis Indica
Type: Cannabis
AKA: Marijuana, Weed, Green, Herb, Chronic, Ganja, Loud, Fire, Dank
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II. Natural Derivative
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III. Chemical Profile (IUPAC name)
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IV. History
Cannabis indica, a species of cannabis plant, has been used for its psychoactive and medicinal properties for thousands of years. It is known for its sedative effects and is used in various traditional and modern medicinal practices.
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V. Legal Information
Cannabis indica, commonly known as marijuana, has a complex legal status worldwide. In the US, it is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance federally, but several states have legalized it for medical and recreational use. Countries like Canada and Uruguay have fully legalized it. The UNODC calls for balanced policies to prevent abuse while allowing medical research. Trends show a global shift towards legalization.
US Federal Schedule - I
Schedule I drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined as drugs with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. Some examples of Schedule I drugs are: heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana (cannabis), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy), methaqualone, and peyote.
Key US Federal Policies:
Controlled Substances Act. Public Law: Public Law 91-513 (text can be found on GovInfo) (https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/csa). Date enacted: October 27, 1970.
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VI. Physical Effects
Cannabis indica is a variety of cannabis known for its relaxing effects. It acts as a downer, causing sedation, reduced pain, and muscle relaxation. Short-term use can alleviate stress and pain, while long-term use may lead to dependence and cognitive effects. Overdose risks are low, but excessive use can impair motor function and cognition. Safe use involves moderation. Recent research supports its therapeutic potential for anxiety and pain while noting risks of dependence.  |
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VII. Psychological Effects
Cannabis indica, known for its sedative effects, affects CB1 and CB2 receptors in the brain. Immediate effects include relaxation, mood elevation, and altered perception. Long-term use can lead to dependence, cognitive impairment, and potential anxiety disorders. Recent research indicates that while cannabis indica may help with stress and insomnia, its chronic use is associated with cognitive deficits and mental health issues such as increased risk of psychosis.
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VIII. Culture
Cannabis Indica has a long history of use, dating back thousands of years in Central and South Asia. It is mentioned in ancient texts like the Atharva Veda and has been used in traditional medicine and religious rituals. Modern culture embraces it for both medicinal and recreational use, with significant cultural impact in the legalization movement. Proponents include medical professionals and advocates for legalization, while opponents emphasize the potential for abuse. Its first observed uses are ancient, with ongoing cultural significance in discussions about drug policy, health, and recreation.
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