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Name: Chloral hydrate
Type: Hypnotic
AKA: Noctec
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II. Natural Derivative
Synthetic substance, no natural derivative
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III. Chemical Profile (IUPAC name)
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IV. History
Chloral hydrate, a sedative and hypnotic, was developed in the 19th century. It was used to induce sleep and relieve anxiety but has been largely replaced by newer medications due to its potential for addiction and side effects.
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V. Legal Information
Chloral Hydrate, a sedative and hypnotic drug, is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance in the US, allowing limited medical use. It is similarly regulated in many countries due to its potential for abuse. The UNODC does not classify it as a major concern. Trends indicate its declining use in favor of safer alternatives.
US Federal Schedule - IV
Schedule IV drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined as drugs with a low potential for abuse and low risk of dependence. Some examples of Schedule IV drugs are: Xanax, Soma, Darvon, Darvocet, Valium, Ativan, Talwin, Ambien, Tramadol.
Key US Federal Policies:
Controlled Substances Act. Public Law: Public Law 91-513 (text can be found on GovInfo) (https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/csa). Date enacted: October 27, 1970.
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VI. Physical Effects
Chloral hydrate is a sedative and hypnotic used for inducing sleep. It acts as a downer, causing sedation and sleep induction. Short-term use can be effective for sleep disorders, but long-term use may result in tolerance and dependence. Overdose risks include severe sedation and respiratory depression. Safe use involves careful dosing and medical oversight. Recent research focuses on its efficacy and safety compared to other sedatives.  |
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VII. Psychological Effects
Chloral hydrate is a sedative-hypnotic producing sedation, anxiolysis, and sleep induction. Immediate effects include reduced anxiety and improved mood. Long-term use can result in dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms. Chronic use is associated with cognitive impairment and potential development of depressive disorders. Recent studies indicate potential for abuse and mental health impacts.
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VIII. Culture
Chloral hydrate is a sedative and hypnotic used to induce sleep. Its cultural significance lies in its historical use as a sleep aid and its potential for abuse. Media coverage often discusses its risks, including addiction and overdose. Chloral hydrate is used both recreationally and medicinally, contributing to discussions about barbiturate use and drug regulation.
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