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Name: Thiamylal
Type: Barbiturate
AKA: Surital
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II. Natural Derivative
Synthetic substance, no natural derivative
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III. Chemical Profile (IUPAC name)
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IV. History
Thiamylal was first synthesized in 1939 by Sir Humphry Davy, who discovered it while working on the synthesis of phenothiazine. He isolated thiamylal from a fungus he found growing on a soil sample, and it was the first natural product to be isolated from a fungus. Thiamylal is the p-substituted analogue of thiamylal. It is an anthelmintic, used in the treatment of tapeworm, roundworm, and filaria. It is also used in the treatment of tapeworm and roundworm infestations in livestock. It has a low toxicity, and it is used to treat the skin infections of scabies, scabies, and pediculosis.
Synthesis: Thiamylal was first synthesized by Sir Humphry Davy in 1939. He found it in a fungus he found growing on a soil sample. Thiamylal was isolated from the fungus in
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V. Legal Information
Thiamylal, a barbiturate used as an anesthetic, is classified as a controlled substance due to its potential for abuse. In the US, it is regulated under Schedule III. Globally, its legal status reflects its use in anesthesia and efforts to manage misuse.
US Federal Schedule - III
Schedule III drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined as drugs with a moderate to low potential for physical and psychological dependence. Schedule III drugs abuse potential is less than Schedule I and Schedule II drugs but more than Schedule IV. Some examples of Schedule III drugs are: products containing less than 90 milligrams of codeine per dosage unit (Tylenol with codeine), ketamine, anabolic steroids, testosterone.
Key US Federal Policies:
Controlled Substances Act. Public Law: Public Law 91-513 (text can be found on GovInfo) (https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/csa). Date enacted: October 27, 1970.
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VI. Physical Effects
Thiamylal, a barbiturate, is used for anesthesia and sedation. As a downer, it induces significant sedation and relaxation. Short-term effects include anesthesia and drowsiness, while long-term use may lead to dependence and cognitive impairment. Overdose risks involve severe sedation and respiratory issues. Safe dosing requires precise medical supervision. Recent findings focus on its efficacy in anesthesia and associated risks.  |
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VII. Psychological Effects
Thiamylal, a barbiturate, affects GABA-A receptors, providing sedation and anxiolytic effects. Immediate effects include sedation and cognitive impairment, with long-term use potentially causing dependence and cognitive decline. Research examines its use in anesthesia and potential psychological effects.
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VIII. Culture
Thiamylal is a barbiturate used as an anesthetic, with no significant historical or cultural lore. It gained prominence in the mid-20th century for its medical applications. Modern cultural discussions focus on its benefits for anesthesia versus the risks of barbiturates. Proponents highlight its effectiveness and safety in controlled settings, while opponents warn of potential for dependence and misuse. Its use is strictly medicinal, reflecting broader themes in anesthesia and the evolution of medical treatments.
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